Research Information System
Thesis Type: Doctorate
Institution Of The Thesis: Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Turkey
Approval Date: 2018
Student: ECE AVULOĞLU YILMAZ
Supervisor: DENİZ YÜZBAŞIOĞLU
Abstract:Food additives are substances that are allowed to be used for purposes such as providing nutritional safety, increasing flavor, extending shelf life, reducing nutrient losses. Food additives Monopotassium glutamate (MPG) and Magnesium diglutamate (MDG) are flavor enhancers, Xylitol (XYL) is a sweetener. In this study, the in vitro genotoxic effects of MPG, MDG and XYL have been determined in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by using chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) and comet assays. The effects of these additives on mitotic index (MI), replication index (RI) and nuclear division index (NDI) were also investigated. 125,00; 250,00; 500,00; 1000,00 μg/mL concentrations of MPG and XYL, 93,75; 187,50; 375,00; 750,00 μg/mL concentrations of MDG were used. All three food additives significantly increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations at high concentrations. MPG and MDG (except to 93,75 μg/mL) increased sister chromatid exchanges at all concentrations in a concentration-dependent manner. XYL raised frequency of sister chromatid exchanges at two highest concentrations. In the CBMN-Cyt test, all three food additives increased the incidence of micronucleus, nuclear buds, and nucleoplasmic bridges compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. However, these increases are statistically significant at higher concentrations. Mitotic index significantly decreased at all treatments but this decrease was significant at only high concentrations. Replication and nuclear division indices were not effected. According to the comet assay results, MPG and XYL significantly increased at two concentrations (500,00 and 1000,00 μg/mL), MDG increased at all concentrations (except 93,75 μg/mL) comet tail intensity, tail length and tail moment. It is concluded that MPG, MDG and XYL have clastogenic, mutagenic, aneugenic and cytotoxic effects especially at high concentrations on human lymphocytes in vitro.