Fenitrothion induced lung toxicity and protective role of gallic acid in rats

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Thesis Type: Postgraduate

Institution Of The Thesis: Gazi University, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Turkey

Approval Date: 2023

Thesis Language: Turkish

Student: Utku Umut TUNA

Supervisor: Yusuf Kalender

Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection

Abstract:

Fenitrothion is an organophosphate insecticide that is frequently used in agricultural control. Gallic acid (GA, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and free radical scavenging activities found in some hardwood plant species such as oak, chestnut, as well as some other fruits such as tea, grapes and strawberries is composite. In this study, the protective effect of gallic acid on lung toxicity caused by fenitrothion was investigated. For this purpose, rats, control group, gallic acid (50 mg/kg day) treated group, fenitrothion (32 mg/kg day, 1/25 LD50) treated group, and fenitrothion (32 mg/kg day) plus gallic acid (50 mg/kg day) were separated from 4 groups. At the end of the 28-day experiments, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)] in the lung tissue were compared with the control group. When the control group and fenitrothion treated groups were compared in terms of MDA levels, a statistically significant increase was observed, while a statistically significant decrease was observed in SOD, CAT, GPx and GST enzyme activities. Compared to the group treated with fenitrothion and gallic acid, a statistically significant decrease was observed in MDA level, while a statistical increase was observed in SOD, CAT, GPx and GST enzyme activities. Our histopathological studies also supported our biochemical studies. While thickening of the interalveolar septum and contractions of the alveolar sacs were observed in the lungs of rats treated with fenitrothion, these effects were decreased in rats applied with fenitrothion and gallic acid group.

Key Words : Fenitrothion, gallic acid, histopathology, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes