Chapter 11 CURRENT NUTRITIONAL APPROACHES IN MANAGING PARKINSON’S DISEASE


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Kocaadam B., Acar Tek N.

GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, Ali Kemal KADİROĞLU, Editör, Akademisyen Kitabevi, Ankara, ss.151-165, 2021

  • Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Mesleki Kitap
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Yayınevi: Akademisyen Kitabevi
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.151-165
  • Editörler: Ali Kemal KADİROĞLU, Editör
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Paralysis Agitans (Parkinson’s Disease), a special motor dysfunction, was first defined by James Parkinson in 1817. In 1919, it was reported that the most important anomaly of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the loss of the neurons in the midbrain (1, 2). In the 1950s, researchers discovered that dopamine, which leads to understanding the pathophysiology and pathological biochemistry of PD, is depleted in the basal ganglia. Approximately 80% reduction in dopamine concentration drives to tremor, rigidity, akinesia/bradykinesia and postural instability, which are the main symptoms of the disease (3). These symptoms are defined as Parkinsonism and are considered to be a result of the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (4, 5). Parkinson’s disease is a slowly progressing chronic disease which usually starts between the ages 50 and 60 (6). Although various studies have been carried out to develop science-based therapies, the etiology of Parkinson’s disease has not been fully clarified. It is reported that it is a non-inherited disease associated with environmental factors (water, herbicides, pesticides, chemicals) (7). If the disease starts at the age of 20, it is called primary juvenile parkinsonism, and if it starts between the ages 20 and 40, it is called young onset parkinsonism (6). This disease is observed in 1-2% of individuals aged 55 and above (8). At least two signs of Parkinsonism are seen in 15% of individuals between the ages 65-74, 30% of individuals between the ages 75-84, and more than 50% of the individuals over 85. The disease is 1.5 times more common in men than in women (6), and 4 times higher in the white race than in the black race (9). When the natural course of the disease is examined, it is seen that although the disease is significantly benign in some cases, 66% of the patients have symptoms of motor dysfunction in 5 years, while 80% of the patients have these symptoms in 10 years(10).