Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of Plantago major subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, cilt.26, sa.1, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 26 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1186/s12906-026-05393-4
- Dergi Adı: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals, Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Anti-inflammatory Activity, Phytochemistry, Plantago major subsp. intermedia, Wound Healing Activity
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background: Plantago major subsp. intermedia has been traditionally used in Türkiye for the treatment of wounds, abscesses, constipation, pain, ulcers, hemorrhoids and gynecological diseases. In the present study, the phytochemical composition of P. major subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange was investigated and its anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects were examined in light of existing experimental evidence from related Plantago species. Methods: MeOH, 80% EtOH and water extracts of the plant were prepared. In vivo anti-inflammatory effects of these extracts were investigated using an acetic acid-induced capillary permeability model and their wound healing effects were studied using linear incision and circular excision wound models. Isolation studies were performed on the 80% EtOH extract. Furthermore, in vitro studies were conducted on the 80% EtOH extract, the main fractions obtained from this extract and the some of the isolated pure compounds. In these in vitro studies, anti-inflammatory effects were investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and wound healing effects were investigated using the scratch test. Results: A total of six compounds were isolated from P. major subsp. intermedia: Isotachioside (1), aucubin (2), 10-hydroxymajoroside (3), 10-acetoxymajoroside (4), martynoside (5) and acteoside (6). All tested compounds significantly inhibited NO production at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 µM (12.68%-61.89%). Although in vivo results were not statistically significant, the 80% EtOH extract showed the highest efficacy in linear incision and circular excision wound models. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of P. major subsp. intermedia and are consistent with previously reported biological activities of P. major.