Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review
Journal of Science Part B: Art, Humanities, Design and Planning, cilt.13, sa.1, ss.97-122, 2025 (Hakemli Dergi)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
- Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2025
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Science Part B: Art, Humanities, Design and Planning
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.97-122
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Active shooter incidents (ASIs) pose a grave threat to occupant safety in built environments. This systematic review methodically examines research on building design strategies to mitigate ASI risks and enhance occupant safety, with a particular emphasis on studies utilizing simulation modeling. Employing the PRISMA framework, we analyzed 75 relevant studies published since 2000. The review synthesizes findings across key themes, including: the impact of exit design and spatial configuration on evacuation efficiency; the effectiveness of security features such as access control, surveillance systems, and bullet-resistant materials; and the role of communication systems in facilitating information sharing and emergency response. We critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of different simulation modeling approaches, highlighting their contributions to understanding human behavior dynamics and informing evidence-based design strategies. The review also identifies knowledge gaps and future research directions for optimizing building design to enhance occupant safety and resilience during ASIs.