Optimization of voltammetric parameters and sensitive determination of hazardous 2-nitrophenol in environmental media using a modified glassy carbon electrode based on 2-amino nicotinamide


Ansen Z., TABANLIGİL CALAM T.

Journal of Water Process Engineering, cilt.76, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 76
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108165
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Water Process Engineering
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, INSPEC
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: 2-nitrophenol, Electrochemical sensor, Environmental pollution, Hazardous material, Response surface methodology
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

An electrochemical sensor based on the 2-amino nicotinamide (2-AN) on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode was prepared for the voltammetric determination of 2-nitrophenol (2-NP). Using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique, the optimum number of deposition cycles for the highly sensitive determination of 2-NP on the surface of the 2-AN/GC sensor was determined to be 5. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that 2-AN had been successfully attached to the surface of the GC electrode. Square wave voltammetry (SWV) and CV were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of 2-NP on the 2-AN/GC sensor. The reduction peak with the maximum current value of 2-NP in the Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer solution at pH 1.01 was seen on the 2-AN/GC. The reduction peak of 2-NP was used for its quantitative determination with the SWV technique. The SWV parameters were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) experimental design. The working ranges of 2-NP were 9.9 nM-52.5 μM and 52.5 μM–603 μM, and the limit of detection (LOD) value was found to be 2.92 nM under optimum conditions. The detection of 2-NP concentrations in real samples, such as tap water and river water samples, was performed using the 2-AN/GC sensor. Percentage relative standard deviation (RSD%) values between 1.0 and 3.9 and %recovery values between 97.1 and 103.6. The results showed that the 2-AN/GC electrode used to determine 2-NP is a promising electrochemical sensor.