Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Clinical Features, Treatment, and Nutritional Aspects

Öztekin M., Yılmaz B., Ağagündüz D., Capasso R.

DISEASES, cilt.9, sa.4, 2021 (ESCI) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 9 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/diseases9040066
  • Dergi Adı: DISEASES
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), BIOSIS, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: H, pylori, nutrition, infection, diet, clinical treatment, GASTRIC EPITHELIAL-CELLS, PEPTIC-ULCER, VITAMIN-C, OXIDATIVE STRESS, ASCORBIC-ACID, ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION, ATROPHIC GASTRITIS, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR, NITRIC-OXIDE
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a 0.5-1 mu m wide, 2-4 mu m long, short helical, S-shaped Gram-negative microorganism. It is mostly found in the pyloric region of the stomach and causes chronic gastric infection. It is estimated that these bacteria infect more than half of the world's population. The mode of transmission and infection of H. pylori is still not known exactly, but the faecal-oral and oral-oral routes via water or food consumption are thought to be a very common cause. In the last three decades, research interest has increased regarding the pathogenicity, microbial activity, genetic predisposition, and clinical treatments to understand the severity of gastric atrophy and gastric cancer caused by H. pylori. Studies have suggested a relationship between H. pylori infection and malabsorption of essential micronutrients, and noted that H. pylori infection may affect the prevalence of malnutrition in some risk groups. On the other hand, dietary factors may play a considerably important role in H. pylori infection, and it has been reported that an adequate and balanced diet, especially high fruit and vegetable consumption and low processed salty food consumption, has a protective effect against the outcomes of H. pylori infection. The present review provides an overview of all aspects of H. pylori infection, such as clinical features, treatment, and nutrition.