Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Aims This study explores the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa L. and its key bioactive compound, thymoquinone (TQ).Background Pancreatic cancer presents a significant health challenge due to its aggressiveness and limited treatment options. N. sativa and its component TQ have demonstrated anticancer properties in other cancers, warranting exploration in pancreatic cancer models.Objective To assess the antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-invasive effects of N. sativa extracts and TQ on pancreatic cancer cells, with a focus on modulating the NRF2/HO-1 and TNF-alpha signaling pathways.Methods MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines were treated with essential and fixed oils, methanol extracts (from T & uuml;rkiye and Syria), and TQ. Cell viability, apoptosis, and invasiveness were assessed via XTT, Annexin V, and Matrigel assays, respectively. Gene expression and cytokine levels were evaluated using RT-qPCR and ELISA. HPLC was conducted to confirm TQ concentrations in extracts.Results The methanol extract of T & uuml;rkiye-originated N. sativa seeds (TM) exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect, reducing cell viability in MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 at 0.05 mg/mL, while TQ significantly decreased viability at 20 mu M. TM reduced MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 invasiveness (42 +/- 1.23 and 35 +/- 0.73, respectively) and contained a higher concentration of TQ (7.9168 +/- 0.0561%) compared to the Syria-originated extract (SM).Conclusion The findings suggest that TM and TQ exhibit strong anticancer potential by modulating key signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells, supporting their potential for further development as therapeutic agents in pancreatic cancer treatment.