Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Microchemical Journal, cilt.227, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
An electrochemical sensor based on 1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboximidamide (124TC) was developed by modifying a glassy carbon (GC) electrode for the sensitive voltammetric determination of Bisphenol A (BPA). The successful modification of the GC electrode surface with 124TC was verified using electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), together with structural and morphological characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The electrochemical behavior of BPA at the 124TC/GC electrode interface was systematically investigated by CV and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Quantitative determination was carried out using the anodic peak current of BPA obtained from SWV measurements. In order to enhance the analytical performance of the proposed 124TC/GC sensor, effective SWV parameters such as frequency, pulse amplitude, and potential step were optimized through a response surface methodology (RSM)-based experimental design. Under the optimized conditions, two linear concentration ranges were obtained (65 nM–60.6 μM and 60.6–434 μM), and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 20.2 nM. The applicability of the developed sensor was evaluated by determining BPA in real samples, including baby bottle water, tap water, and seawater. The obtained results indicate that the 124TC/GC electrode can serve as an effective and promising electrochemical sensor for the determination of BPA. Environmental implication: In this study, a novel material was developed for the determination of Bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is widely used in industrial and agricultural applications. Due to its high toxicity and low biodegradability, even low concentrations of BPA pose significant risks to human health and aquatic environments. BPA is commonly detected in water systems and can lead to serious environmental pollution, thereby disrupting ecosystem balance. Therefore, the accurate, reliable, and precise determination of BPA in real samples is of great importance.