Stereolithography Versus Milling: Zirconia's Strength and Adhesion Profile
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY, cilt.23, sa.4, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 23 Sayı: 4
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1111/ijac.70246
- Dergi Adı: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Although innovative, stereolithographic zirconia lacks comprehensive mechanical comparisons with conventional manufacturing methods. This study compared the mechanical performance of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia specimens fabricated by stereolithographic additive manufacturing (Group-3DZ) and conventional subtractive manufacturing (Group-EZ). Specimens were tested for three-point flexural strength, indentation fracture toughness, Vickers microhardness (n = 15 each), and shear bond strength (SBS, n = 14). Grain size was measured from calibrated field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) micrographs using ImageJ software, while elemental composition and dopant homogeneity were analyzed using FE-SEM equipped with EDS. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer. Fracture toughness was determined by the Vickers indentation fracture method (98 N/10 kgf) through measurement of indentation and crack lengths on optical micrographs. Fractured surfaces and SBS failure modes were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, Weibull statistics, and Pearson's correlation analysis (p < 0.05). Group-3DZ demonstrated significantly higher flexural strength (1173 +/- 160.9 MPa) than Group-EZ (818.5 +/- 265.8 MPa) (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in Vickers microhardness (p = 0.069), indentation fracture toughness (p = 0.063), or SBS (p = 0.89). Exploratory Weibull analysis suggested lower strength variability for Group-3DZ (m = 8.52) than Group-EZ (m = 3.48). These findings suggest that stereolithography-fabricated zirconia may offer a promising route for high-strength zirconia ceramics.