DeepMDP: A Novel Deep-Learning-Based Missing Data Prediction Protocol for IoT

KÖK İ., Ozdemir S.

IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL, vol.8, no.1, pp.232-243, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 8 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2021
  • Doi Number: 10.1109/jiot.2020.3003922
  • Journal Name: IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, ABI/INFORM, Compendex, INSPEC
  • Page Numbers: pp.232-243
  • Keywords: Internet of Things, Protocols, Sensors, Data models, Predictive models, Cloud computing, Computer architecture, Deep learning (DL), fog computing, Internet of Things (IoT), missing data, mobile-edge computing (MEC), prediction protocol, BIG DATA, CENTRIC INTERNET, EDGE, THINGS, INFORMATION, MANAGEMENT, IMPUTATION, ANALYTICS, RECOVERY, MODEL
  • Gazi University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices generate a vast amount of sensing data. The reliability of this data is a vital issue to ensure IoT service quality. However, IoT data usually suffers from missing and incomplete values due to various reasons, such as noise, collision, unstable network communication, equipment failure, and manual system closure. Transferring all IoT data to the cloud level to solve missing data problem may negatively affect network performance and service quality due to excessive latency, bandwidth limitation, and high communication costs. Therefore, missing data problem should be taken care of as early as possible by offloading tasks, such as data prediction or estimation closer to the edge devices in the network. In this article, we propose a missing data prediction protocol called DeepMDP for IoT systems with unreliable data sources, which can reduce the amount of data transmission and delay in the network significantly. The proposed protocol can work on resource-constrained IoT devices as well as fog and cloud servers. Besides, to evaluate the proposed protocol, we design a real-world testbed architecture called DeepArch consisting of edge, fog, and cloud layers. Under several application scenarios, we evaluate the efficiency of DeepMDP on the DeepArch platform. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol can significantly reduce the amount of data transmission and delay while accurately predicting missing data.