The effect of distance education on health beliefs, self-efficacy, and healthy lifestyle behaviours of people with diabetes: A randomised controlled trial

Ekenler Ş., POLAT Ü.

Health Education Journal, 2026 (SSCI, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1177/00178969261433407
  • Dergi Adı: Health Education Journal
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, CINAHL, Education Abstracts, Educational research abstracts (ERA), EMBASE, ERIC (Education Resources Information Center)
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Diabetes education, distance learning, Health Belief Model, healthy lifestyle behaviours, nursing, self-efficacy
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Objective: To evaluate the effect of distance modular education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on health beliefs, self-efficacy, and healthy lifestyle behaviours in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Design: Randomised controlled trial. Setting: Endocrinology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Konya, Türkiye. Method: A total of 82 patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 41) and a control group (n = 41) using simple randomisation. The intervention group received diabetes education videos consisting of six modules based on the HBM over a 6-week period. The control group received standard clinical care for 12 weeks. Data were collected using the HBM Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale at baseline, the sixth week and the 12th week. Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements compared to baseline and the control group. In the intervention group, mean scores increased for health beliefs (Baseline: 3.00 ± 0.79 vs Week 12: 4.47 ± 0.45), self-efficacy (Baseline: 64.17 ± 15.07 vs Week 12: 90.02 ± 7.52), and healthy lifestyle behaviours (Baseline: 174.55 ± 15.36 vs Week 12: 201.92 ± 9.40). A statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups in all three domains (p < .05). Conclusion: HBM-based distance modular education can be an efficacious intervention for improving health beliefs, self-efficacy, and healthy lifestyle behaviours in individuals with type 2 diabetes.