Effect of Different Surface Treatment Protocols on Shear Bond Strength of Bulk-fill Resin Composite: an SEM Evaluation
Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, cilt.24, ss.1003-1010, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 24
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2841
- Dergi Adı: Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1003-1010
- Anahtar Kelimeler: CoJet, composite repair, SEM, surface conditioning
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Purpose: To evaluate the repair bond strength of aged bulk-fill resin composites using various surface treatment protocols and analyze the composite-composite interface via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: One-hundred fifty disk-shaped specimens (4 mm height × 5 mm diameter) were prepared from three bulk-fill composites. After thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 5°C–55°C), specimens were assigned to five groups: (1) control (no treatment); (2) Universal adhesive (UA); (3) 37% phosphoric acid + UA; (4) silane + UA; and (5) CoJet + Silane + UA. Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable was applied as the repair composite. After 24-h storage, shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and one specimen per group was examined under SEM. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed statistically significant effects of both surface treatment and composite type on SBS (p < 0.05). CoJet + silane + UA produced the highest SBS values for all composites, whereas the untreated control produced the lowest values. No statistically significant difference was observed between UA and phosphoric acid + UA (p > 0.05), while silane + UA resulted in statistically significantly higher SBS values than both protocols. Material-dependent differences were observed in some treatment groups; however, no statistically significant differences among the three composites were detected following phosphoric acid + UA or CoJet + silane + UA treatment. Conclusion: Surface treatment statistically significantly improved the repair bond strength of aged bulk-fill composites. The combination of CoJet, silane, and universal adhesive provided the most effective bond enhancement.