Research Information System
Sadhana - Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences, vol.50, no.3, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
In this study, rigorous three-dimensional (3D) finite element analyses using PLAXIS 3D with Hardening Soil (HS) model were conducted to examine dimensionless breakout factor (Nγ) and shape factor (Sγ) values of circular, strip and rectangular plate anchor with aspect ratio ranging from 1 to 10. These analyses were performed for five relative densities (Dr) of sandy soil, ranging from 10% to 90% and five embedment depth ratios (H/B or H/D), ranging from 1 to 5. The results of finite element analyses revealed that circular plate anchors yielded the highest breakout factors, ranging from 3.32 to 34.26, along with shape factor values between 1.88 and 6.65, as depending on relative density and embedment depth ratio while the lowest values were found in strip plate anchors. Furthermore, it was found that these values increased as the aspect ratio of the rectangular plate anchor decreased. The findings of this study indicated that both breakout factor and the shape factor values also exhibited an increase as the embedment depth ratio and relative density increased. Additionally, non-linear regression analyses were performed using data obtained from finite element analysis and breakout and shape factor equations for horizontal.