Robust sliding mode control strategy for virtual synchronous machine-based grid-forming inverters compliant with GC0137 standard Sanal senkron makine tabanlı şebeke oluşturan invertör için GC0137 standardına uyumlu gürbüz kayan kipli kontrol stratejisi
Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, cilt.41, sa.2, ss.755-769, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 41 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.17341/gazimmfd.1776667
- Dergi Adı: Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Art Source, Compendex, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.755-769
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Frequency control, GFM-IBR, Grid codes, RoCoF, SMC
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The transition to net-zero energy systems has led to a fundamental transformation in the electrical grid. As conventional large-scale synchronous generators are replaced by inverter-based resources (IBRs), the shift toward an IBR-dominated grid has significantly altered system dynamics. In addition, uncertainties associated with renewable energy resources (RES), such as solar and wind, thereby causing frequency and voltage fluctuations and adversely affecting system stability. Therefore, grid-forming inverters (GFMIs) equipped with advanced control technologies are gaining increasing importance due to their capabilities for synchronization and operate as independent voltage sources. Compliance with grid codes is critical for the secure integration of GFM-IBRs into modern power systems. In this context, GC0137 is a grid code amendment that defines the minimum technical requirements for grid-forming inverter capability in Great Britain. In this study, a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy compliant with GC0137 is proposed for GFMIs. Analyses conducted in MATLAB/Simulink Simscape™ Electrical demonstrate that SMC provides enhanced robustness against severe frequency deviations and high rates of change of frequency (RoCoF). Compared to PI control, SMC improves response and rise times, limits overshoot, and increases the damping ratio. The results confirm superior performance under both transient and steady-state conditions while satisfying GC0137 requirements.