Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE OF GAZI UNIVERSITY, cilt.39, sa.1, ss.497-508, 2023 (SCI-Expanded)
Within the scope of the process safety management system, process hazard analysis studies are carried out in order to protect human, environment and facility investments in facilities where hazardous chemicals are handled or stored. The safeguards and independent protection layers (IPL) evaluated in the process hazard analysis studies are expected to reduce the probability and/or severity of accident scenarios (Table A).Purpose:This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the presence of protection layers on the frequency and severity of undesired events in a sample facility where 1,3-Butadiene chemical was stored.Theory and Methods:Event tree analysis (ETA) was performed for a specified initiating event (critical event). In the event tree analysis, frequency values were determined by using the ignition probability calculation module for potential flash fire, jet fire, explosion and toxic release accident scenarios. In order to determine the severity of accident scenarios, overpressure, thermal radiation and toxic exposure values were calculated within the scope of impact analysis. Correlations and software were used in the impact analysis. It was observed as a result of calculations that the frequencies of thermal radiation, explosion and toxic release scenarios decreased due to the direct effect of the barrier and independent protection layers on the event frequency. Results:Since the detection time efficiency of the protection layers in the evaluated process was low and the amount of chemicals released into the atmosphere did not change, there was no change in the impact distances of the accident scenarios, except for the explosion effects.Conclusion:It has been determined that the effects of protection layers and safety instrumented functions in the processes should not only be evaluated on the frequency of the undesired event, but also the effects of accident scenarios.