Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study examines the integration of architectural strategies within blast-resistant building regulations across 17 countries. Seven key design-related criteria were identified through comprehensive literature and document analysis. Utilising the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assign relative weights and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for ranking, the study assesses each country's regulatory framework. Findings reveal significant variation in the depth and clarity of architectural guidance, with the United States, the United Kingdom, and Singapore leading in integration. At the same time, India and Brazil demonstrate only minimal integration of architectural criteria within their regulatory frameworks. Notably, higher economic or human development levels do not necessarily correspond to more architecturally comprehensive regulations. This research offers a novel comparative framework for evaluating architectural integration in blast-resistance policies, bridging the gap between design, engineering standards, and regulatory policy, and providing a decision-support tool for policymakers aiming to enhance safety-focused design.