The diagnostic utility of Glycoprotein-specific platelet autoantibodies at different stages of childhood immune thrombocytopenia
ISTH 2026 Congress , Paris, Fransa, 10 - 15 Temmuz 2026, ss.1-2, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
- Basıldığı Şehir: Paris
- Basıldığı Ülke: Fransa
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-2
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background* Platelet autoantibodies play an essential role in the cause of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); thus, monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods are accessible but not routinely used for ITP diagnosis. Aims* Aims* Our objective was to investigate glycoprotein-specific platelet autoantibodies at different stages of childhood ITP. Methods* Methods* Between 2022 and 2024, this prospective study enrolled 86 individuals under the age of 18. Glycoprotein (GP)-specific platelet autoantibodies (GPIIb, GPIIIa, GPV, GPIX, and GPIbβ) were tested using double antibody-sandwich ELISA kits in human serum. The participants were divided into three groups: acute/persistent ITP (<12 months) (Group 1, n=30), chronic ITP (≥12 months) (Group 2, n=38), and healthy controls (Group 3, n=18). All patients' blood samples were taken before treatment. The international working group classified treatment responses as follows: i. A platelet count of less than 30x109/L was used to determine no response. ii. The response was determined using a platelet count ranging from 30x109/L to 100x109/L. iii. A platelet count more than 100x109/L indicated a complete response. This study was supported by Gazi University's Research Project (ID 8608). Results* Results* There were 44% of participants with acute/persistent ITP, and 56% had chronic ITP. Group 1 showed significantly higher mean levels of anti-GPIIb, anti-GPIIIa, anti-GPV, anti-GPIX, and anti-GPIb-β compared to Groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.05). Groups 2 and 3 had no significant differences in terms of GP-specific platelet autoantibodies (p>0.05 for all). The optimal anti-GPIIb, anti-GPIIIa, anti-GPV, anti-GPIX, and anti-GPIbβ cutoff values for distinguishing acute ITP from chronic ITP were 0.78 ng/mL, 177.7 ng/L, 8.9 ng/mL, 125.8 ng/L, and 53.1 pg/mL, respectively. GP-specific platelet antibodies gradually decreased at different phases of ITP (Figure-1). At the time of blood collection, children with platelet counts less than 30x109/L showed significantly higher levels of anti-GPIIb, anti-GPIIIa, and anti-GPV than those with platelet counts more than 30x109/L (p<0.05). Conclusions* Conclusions* Our findings suggest that GP-specific platelet autoantibodies may be significantly more detectable in children with acute/persistent ITP. Anti-GPIIb, anti-GPIIIa, and anti-GPV levels may indicate poor treatment outcomes in children with ITP.