Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Applied Thermal Engineering, cilt.291, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
The performance of Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) systems is critically dependent on effective heat removal, a challenge exacerbated in high-ambient temperature regions such as Baghdad, Iraq. Conventional PV/T cooling methods often struggle to maintain low PV operating temperatures while simultaneously recovering thermal energy efficiently. This study introduces and validates a novel dual-stage hybrid cooling architecture for PV/T collectors. The innovative core of this system is a primary internal cooling mechanism: an embedded, pumpless Enhanced Heat Pipe (EHP) closed loop. Utilizing a highly conductive nanoparticle-enhanced working fluid, the EHP system is positioned directly beneath the PV cells to facilitate rapid waste heat absorption. This heat is then passively transferred to a secondary external water-cooling circuit for thermal recovery. Experimental validation in the arid climate of Baghdad demonstrated that the EHP dual-stage system significantly mitigated thermal degradation, achieving a peak relative electrical power enhancement of 35.7% compared to a conventional uncooled PV module. This enhancement corresponds to a maximum net power gain (∆P) of 67.2 W, restoring the absolute electrical efficiency of the panel to 16.9% under peak irradiance. Crucially, by recovering waste heat, the system reached a peak overall energy efficiency (thermal and electrical combined) of 92.1%. Furthermore, a transient Simscape model was validated with high accuracy (RMSEPmax = 2.84 W; RMSETpv = 1.29 °C), confirming the system's performance predictability. The results confirm that the EHP-integrated dual-stage design provides a highly responsive, scalable, and effective strategy for maximizing cogeneration performance in demanding environments.