REVISTA DE NEFROLOGIA DIALISIS Y TRASPLANTE, cilt.46, sa.1, ss.31-36, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become a major global health concern. Kidney involvement in COVID-19 patients is common and associated with high mortality. Although acute tubular necrosis due to hemodynamic instability is the most frequent cause, other complex and destructive mechanisms related to cytokine storm and immune system activation have also been reported. Case presentation: We report a case of proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA)-associated vasculitis presenting with severe pulmonary-renal syndrome, a rare and potentially fatal complication that occurred approximately two months after COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: While a causal relationship cannot be definitively established, immune dysregulation triggered by COVID-19 may have contributed to the development of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). AAV is a serious disease, and prompt immunosuppressive therapy led to full recovery.