ATATÜRK FOREST FARM AS A SPATIAL MANIFESTATION OF THE HEALTHY CITY IDEALS IN THE EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD
HEALTHY SPACES AND CITIES, Yıldız Aksoy,Efe Duyan, Editör, DAKAM, İstanbul, ss.106-133, 2025
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Mesleki Kitap
- Basım Tarihi: 2025
- Yayınevi: DAKAM
- Basıldığı Şehir: İstanbul
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.106-133
- Editörler: Yıldız Aksoy,Efe Duyan, Editör
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
With the Industrial Revolution, forms of production began to change, and social and spatial problems quickly followed. The rapid transformation of cities, population growth, and environmental degradation created conditions that allowed many epidemics to spread. This situation brought hygiene to the forefront and made public health policies a key element in urban planning and architecture. In the following years, the outbreak of the World Wars also revealed how health policies began to affect the human body, shaping the state’s biopolitical approach to sport. The public policies observed in Europe and Russia, based on improving public health and disciplining the body, found their counterparts in Turkey during the Republican period. Within this framework, policies were developed to raise healthy citizens, seen as an essential part of building a modern nation-state. As a result, these policies took both ideological and spatial form in Ankara, the new capital. Consequently, the planning of the capital began as a comprehensive effort to reflect the ideals of the Republic and to set an example for other cities. In this planning process, approaches such as the garden city model were adopted to promote healthy urban development. Within this context, Atatürk Forest Farm (AFF), which first appeared in Lörcher's and later Jansen's early plans without a detailed resolution, and was later redesigned with Egli’s involvement, was seen as one of the most comprehensive spatial reflections of this ideology. This unique planning approach, which combines the principles of healthy urbanisation with the state's health and body policies, makes the Atatürk Forest Farm (AFF) a valuable site for exploring the Republic's biopolitical spatial structure. This study examines the relationship between the concept of a healthy city and body politics, using Atatürk Forest Farm as a case study. It examines how the AFF established the Republic's biopolitical order through its agricultural and industrial production, green spaces, sports facilities, and leisure activities. The research aims to provide a holistic evaluation by analysing the spatial manifestations of various healthy city policies within a single area. The findings suggest that the AFF was conceived as a modern, microcosmic city. In this model, production, nature, sport and recreation coexist within a unified vision of healthy urban living.