Complement activation by PEG-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes is independent of PEG molecular mass and surface density

Andersen A. J., Windschiegl B., İLBASMIŞ TAMER S., Degim I. T., Hunter A. C., Andresen T. L., ...More

NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol.9, no.4, pp.469-473, 2013 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 9 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2013
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.01.011
  • Journal Name: NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.469-473
  • Keywords: Atomic force microscope, Carbon nanotubes, Complement system, Innate immunity, Poly(ethylene glycol), CHALLENGES, MICE
  • Gazi University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Carboxylated (4%) multi-walled carbon nanotubes were covalently functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol)(1000) (PEG(1000)), PEG(1500) and PEG(4000) with a PEG loading of approximately 11% in all cases. PEG loading generated non-uniform and heterogeneous higher surface structures and increased nanotube width considerably, but all PEGylated nanotube species activated the complement system in human serum equally. Increased PEG loading, through adsorption of methoxyPEG(2000(or 5000))-phospholipid conjugates, generated fewer complement activation products; however, complement activation was never completely eliminated. Our observations address the difficulty in making carbon nanotubes more compatible with innate immunity through covalent PEG functionalization as well as double PEGylation strategies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.