The Impact of Obesity on the Metabolic Profile of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Polikistik Over Sendromlu Hastalarda Obezitenin Metabolik Profil Üzerine Etkisi
Gazi Medical Journal, cilt.37, sa.3, ss.411-418, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 37 Sayı: 3
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.12996/gmj.026.4683
- Dergi Adı: Gazi Medical Journal
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.411-418
- Anahtar Kelimeler: body composition, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid profile, obesity, Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and accompanying obesity on various metabolic and biochemical parameters, particularly body composition, insulin resistance (IR), lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. Methods: A total of 120 women aged 18–40 years were included in the study: 40 obese patients with PCOS, 40 normal-weight (non-obese) patients with PCOS, and 40 healthy controls. The diagnosis of PCOS was established according to the Rotterdam criteria. Participants were classified based on body mass index (BMI) as obese (BMI ≥30 kg/ m2) or non-obese (BMI <25 kg/m2). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone were analyzed. IR was calculated using the homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) method. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc analyses. Results: Body weight, BMI, total fat mass, and body fat percentage were significantly higher in the obese PCOS group than in the other groups, whereas body water percentage and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001). Fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the obese PCOS group than in both the control group and the non-obese PCOS group (p < 0.001). Additionally, HbA1c levels were higher in the obese PCOS group compared with both the control group (p < 0.001) and the non-obese PCOS group (p < 0.01). Similarly, triglyceride (TG), CRP, and ALT levels were higher in the obese PCOS group than in the other groups. AMH levels were higher in the non-obese PCOS group than in the control group. In contrast, no statistically significant differences were found among the groups in LH levels, FSH levels, the LH/FSH ratio, or progesterone levels. Correlation analyses showed that BMI and fat mass were positively associated with indicators of IR and with levels of TG, CRP, and ALT, and negatively associated with HDL cholesterol and body water percentage. Conclusion: The severity of metabolic impairment in PCOS is closely associated with obesity and increased fat mass. Obesity is one of the main determinants of IR, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. Therefore, improving body composition is of great importance in the management of PCOS to reduce metabolic risk.