Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
European Journal of Environment and Public Health, cilt.7, sa.3, ss.1-10, 2023 (Scopus)
Objectives: The molecular biology revolution has emerged with the determination that bone tissue is an
endocrine organ that regulates many physiological processes, and osteocalcin (OCN), an osteoblast-derived
protein that provides endocrine control, is a hormone that regulates glucose and energy homeostasis. By
controlling gene expression in β-cells and adipocytes, OCN improves glucose intolerance, obesity, and insulin
expression. In addition, OCN stimulates the secretion of adiponectin, a molecule that increases fatty acid
oxidation and insulin secretion and sensitivity in adipose tissue and reduces adipose tissue accumulation. Recent
research suggests that serum OCN increases the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) genes, which play a role in thermogenesis in brown
adipose tissue, it also affects insulin sensitivity by increasing adiponectin expression in white adipose tissue.
OCN the target gene of insulin, and resting energy expenditure and mitochondrial biogenesis. With all these
effects, OCN is a protein that has recently been found to be associated with diabetes and obesity components.
Conclusions: This review aims to present an overview of understanding the interaction of OCN produced by
osteoblasts with insulin, glucose metabolism, adipose tissue, skeletal and muscle tissue, and appetite metabolism
in understanding the endocrine functions of bone. In addition, it was conducted to examine the role of OCN in
energy metabolism and to evaluate the relationship of energy metabolism pathways affected by OCN with noncommunicable chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.