The Erlenmeyer Flask Bone Deformity In the Skeletal Dysplasias

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Faden M. A., Krakow D., Ezgu F. S., Rimoin D. L., Lachman R. S.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A, cilt.149A, sa.6, ss.1334-1345, 2009 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 149A Sayı: 6
  • Basım Tarihi: 2009
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32253
  • Dergi Adı: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1334-1345
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Erlenmeyer flask deformity, skeletal dysplasias, osteochondrodysplasias, NIEMANN-PICK-DISEASE, FAMILIAL METAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, RENAL TUBULAR-ACIDOSIS, POLYCYSTIC LIPOMEMBRANOUS OSTEODYSPLASIA, AUTOSOMAL-DOMINANT OSTEOPETROSIS, MELNICK-NEEDLES-SYNDROME, CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, FRONTOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, OTOPALATODIGITAL SYNDROME, RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Erlenmeyer flask bone deformity (EFD) is a long-standing term used to describe a specific abnormality of the distal femora. The deformity consists of lack of modeling of the di-metaphysis with abnormal cortical thinning and lack of the concave di-metaphyseal curve resulting in an Erlemneyer flask-like appearance. Utilizing a literature review and cohort study of 12 disorders we found 20 distinct disorders were associated with EFD. We interrogated the International Skeletal Dysplasia. Registry (ISDR) radiographic database (1988-2007) to determine which skeletal dysplasias or syndromes were highly associated with EFD, whether it was a uniform finding in these disorders, and if forms of EFD could be differentiated. EFD was classified into three groups. The first catogory was the typical EFD shaped bone (EFD-T) resultant from absent normal di-metaphyseal modeling with relatively normal appearing radiographic trabecular bone. EFD-T was identified in: frontometaphyseal dysplasia, craniometaphyseal dysplasia, craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, diaphyseal dysplasia-Engelmann type, metaphyseal dysplasia-Pyle type, Melnick-Needles osteodysplasty, and otopalatodigital syndrome type I. The second group was the atypical type (EFD-A) due to absence of normal di-metaphyseal modeling with abnormal radiographic appearance of trabecular bone and was seen in dysosteosclerosis and osteopetrosis. The third group was EFD-marrow expansion type (EFD-ME) in which bone marrow hyperplasia or infiltration leads to abnormal modeling (e.g., Gaucher disease). Further, radiographic review determined that it was not always a consistent finding and that there was variability in both appearance and location within the skeleton. This analysis and classification aided in differentiating disorders with the finding of EFD. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.