Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
11th International Conference "Acb-2022": Achievements And Challenges in Biology, Baku, Azerbaycan, 13 - 14 Ekim 2022, ss.138-139
In type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, imbalances are seen in the
production of adipokines released from adipose tissue. Adipose tissue
synthesizes several adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin,
vaspin, and the recently discovered nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). It has been suggested that these molecules may explain the relationship with obesity, insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Increased insulin secretion in eNAMPT (extracellular NAMPT) β cells provides protection from apoptosis and induction of proliferation. The interaction between the insulinlike effects of NAMPT and its binding to the insulin receptor suggests
that it may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Many studies
show that changes in NAMPT levels constitute a risk factor for type 2
diabetes and there is a correlation between them [Grolla et al., 2016;
Garten et al., 2015]. Interleukin-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine. It is
involved in regulating the immune response, acute phase response and
inflammation [Akbari et al., 2018]. IL-6 triggers insulin resistance by
acting on the mTOR, STAT-3 and SOCS-3 pathways in the liver. Chronic
low-grade inflammation is a risk factor for the development of insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes, which is manifested by high circulating
IL-6 levels in T2D patients. High IL-6 concentrations suppress insulin
secretion, and increased IL-6 may cause loss of function of pancreatic
islet cells [Qu et al., 2014]. Vaspin (visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin) is an adipocytokine belonging to the serpin protease inhibitor
family with insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects. It is
thought to be involved in the negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
and the regulation of the lipid metabolic process. It has also been observed that induction of vaspin mRNA expression by human adipose
tissue constitutes a compensatory mechanism against obesity, glucose
tolerance and insulin sensitivity [Liu et al., 2017].
For this reason, it is aimed to study NAMPT, IL-6 and Vaspin protein levels, which contribute to the development of insulin resistance and diabetic complications in T2D, on groups at different stages of the
disease and to understand the effects of differences in protein levels on
the disease.
The study was carried out with 3 different patient groups, aged
between 18-70 years, with a known diagnosis of T2D for 10 years, with
macrovascular and microvascular complications, without complications, and healthy control group, who applied to Gazi University Medical
Faculty Hospital Endocrinology and Metabolism Department. 40 people
were included in each group. Blood samples were taken from volunteers and serum part was separated and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) study was performed with serum samples.
Protein levels of study groups (Without complication, Microvascular complication, Macrovascular complication, Healthy (Control)) were
determined according to Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) results (ng/µl). NAMPT levels in the groups: 18.693, 18.490, 16.563,
20.588; IL-6 levels: 24.844, 27.325, 30.687, 24.352; Vaspin levels were
determined as 27.204, 30.737, 33.552 and 28.346.
According to the obtained data, serum levels of NAMPT were
higher in the control group than in the patient groups. Among the patient groups, protein levels decreased further as complications increased. When IL-6 and Vaspin serum levels were evaluated, it was determined that protein levels, which were low in the control group, increased as complications increased. Low levels of NAMPT observed in
advanced stages of diabetes suggest that NAMPT has a protective effect
in diabetes, while increased levels of IL-6 and Vaspin suggest that these
proteins play a role in the progression and pathogenesis of the disease.