Photochemical Conversion of Indazoles into Benzimidazoles


dos Santos T., Buettner C. S., Yildiz D. B., Mamone M., Ruffoni A., Leonori D.

Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, cilt.64, sa.29, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 64 Sayı: 29
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/anie.202423804
  • Dergi Adı: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, L'Année philologique, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, EMBASE, Veterinary Science Database, Nature Index
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Benzimidazoles, Chemical permutation, Indazoles, Photochemical rearrangement, Tautomerization
  • Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

Fragment-based drug discovery relies on preparing diverse libraries of advanced building blocks, often incorporating heteroaromatic motifs. Altering the core of heteroaromatics to maximize library diversity typically requires de novo synthesis of each system. This can be often challenging when specific substitution patterns are needed. Here, we introduce a photochemical strategy for the direct permutation of 1H- and 2H-indazoles into benzimidazoles. This transformation exploits the distinct photochemical properties of these heteroaromatics and proceeds under mild conditions. Through systematic experimental and computational studies, we have elucidated a two-step mechanism involving excited-state tautomerization of 1H-indazoles, followed by photochemical rearrangement of the resulting 2H-isomers. This approach demonstrates broad substrate scope, high yields, and compatibility with a variety of functional groups. This method can expand the structural diversity of heterocycle-based libraries through the concept of chemical permutation for heteroaromatic interconversion.