The effects of mechanical and chemical degradation on the surface roughness, gloss, and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites

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NEZİR M., ALTINIŞIK H., Ozyurt E., Bayar N., Dindar M. B.

BMC ORAL HEALTH, cilt.25, sa.1, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

• Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
• Cilt numarası: 25 Sayı: 1
• Basım Tarihi: 2025
• Doi Numarası: 10.1186/s12903-025-07151-3
• Dergi Adı: BMC ORAL HEALTH
• Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals
• Gazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different pH solutions and brushing on the surface roughness, color stability and surface gloss of different bulk-fill resin composites. Methods Ten disc-shaped specimens were prepared from each resin composite (Filtek Bulk-Fill, Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow, Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill, Opus Bulk-Fill, Admira Fusion X-tra, Beautifil Bulk). After measuring the initial surface roughness, color, and gloss values of the prepared specimens, each group were immersed in the following solutions for seven days: hydrochloric acid solution, cola, and coffee. Afterwards, specimens were subjected to simulated tooth brushing and then surface roughness, color, and gloss values were measured again. The data were analyzed using the One-way ANOVA, Tukey HDS test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, Paired samples t-test (p < .05). Results All bulk-fill composites showed a significant increase of roughness after chemical and mechanical challenges, with the lowest values for Filtek Bulk-Fill and Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow, and the highest values for Beautifil Bulk (p < .05). The gloss was influenced by the challenges, with Beautifil Bulk showing the lowest gloss and highest color change value (p < .05). Conclusions Bulk-fill composite resins were influenced by association of challenges, and Beautifil Bulk showed the highest changes for roughness, gloss, and color.