Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
IEEE ACCESS, cilt.14, sa.1, ss.39120-39134, 2026 (SCI-Expanded)
The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines, and energy storage units has promoted the development of DC microgrids. However, the heterogeneous characteristics of these sources and varying load demands create challenges in maintaining power balance, ensuring DC bus voltage stability, and prioritizing critical loads. Conventional centralized energy management strategies may suffer from limited flexibility and scalability. This paper proposes a multi-agent-based energy management system (EMS) for a DC microgrid composed of PV, wind, synchronous generator, battery-based energy storage system (ESS), grid connection, and critical and non-critical loads. The proposed system employs four cooperative agents, namely load, grid, DER, and ESS agents to coordinate power sharing and maintain stable operation. The proposed microgrid and control framework are modeled in MATLAB/Simulink and evaluated under eight operating scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach maintains DC bus voltage stability under varying conditions and ensures continuous supply to critical loads, thereby improving system stability and power quality.